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Jun

Tattoo Chat: THE TATTOO

Although tattooing democratizes a little more each day, although the ranks of his followers s’enflent a little more each day, particularly among young people, the legislature, it seems neither want nor be able to set rules for professionals . In France the tattoo and boring are regarded as artists and are not subject to any regulations on health.

DEFINITION:
The word tattoo derives from the Tahitian “TA-TU” which itself derives from the phrase “TA-ATOUI” composed of “TA” (drawings) and “ATOUI” (spirit). Indeed, the Indians scored their body in order to conciliate the graces, the favor and protection of their minds. The practice of tattooing, which dates back to prehistoric times, is a form of decoration that is a permanent way to express individuality and identity, more recently, a form of makeup for women. During tattooing, the practitioner submits pigments into the skin at a depth of 1 to 2 millimeters in order to create the impression of a drawing. The artist can do the drawing by hand or, more often, it follows the stencil which has been copied to the skin before tattooing. Cosmetic tattooing can be used for the eyelids and nipples. The electric tattoo machine in modern (dermographe) thrilled a group of fine needles several hundred times per minute, creating a series of perforations in the skin. The needles are filled with ink penetrate the pigment in the skin. The needles penetrate the epidermis and reach the dermis.

HISTORY:
Difficult to say with certainty where and when the tattoo was born, at least not in China as the want a legend, the Hindu legend of Cyrrohée and Banta is mentioned. There is evidence and proof and more scientific evidence through discovery in Egypt of a mummy of a priestess of Hator dating from the eleventh dynasty (2200 BC), which presents tattoo marks on the body. We can also see the Museum of Leningrad, the body of a Shiite warrior preserved in ice for a few years in 2000, discovered in a perfect state of conservation in 1947 and whose arms are covered with tattoos sophisticated. Tattoos color developed strongly among the Maori of New Zealand and were at one time a popular ornamental in China, India and Japan. It was thought that tattoos were a protection against misfortune or illness. They also used to identify the status or rank, or membership in a group. Their most common use was, however, a form of decoration closer to home and in Europe, we find traces among the Gallic tribes and the “British” (note Caesar in “De bello gallica” all color Breton the skin with pigment blue hue “).. The Romans used tattoos to mark the mercenaries, slaves, criminals and heretics. So after the Battle of Hastings, the decapitated and mutilated body of King Arnold could be identified by “Edith” he was tattooed on his chest. The first Christians of the Orient, especially the Copts were tattooed symbols of their religion, this custom has also perpetuated a long time (until twentieth century) among the pilgrims passing through Jerusalem. Then watermarking techniques evolved and in 1891, Samuel O’Riley, invented the electric tattoo machine that helped to gain speed, finesse of execution, and significantly decreased pain all with a more rigorous hygiene. From the 1970s, tattooing is democratization and became a fashion phenomenon affecting all classes of society, from the senior artists and this led to such artists or Spyder Webb Lyle Turttle. What was hitherto the preserve of fringe then gradually attracted artists, doctors and businessmen, women and men.

PREVENTION:
Although no legislation in France has yet been established, for the sake of professionalism of many tattoo artists today are committed to respect certain rules of hygiene. Indeed, the technique used for the realization of a tattoo, by the use of needles, broken skin is a leading infectious risks. The most common infections are caused by bacteria and sometimes viruses. To reduce these risks, and to work in all serenity, the tattooist should commit to:
- Disinfect the skin of the customer using an antiseptic before the procedure,
- Follow the universal rules of hygiene (washing hands before and after procedures, after touching contaminated objects, before handling and open sterile items and before and after giving gloves)
- Use sterile needles for single use,
- Use gloves and single use consumables,
- Process instrumentation multiple use in a closed room and reserved for this purpose
- Sterilize by autoclaving,
- Having a clean environment and informed
- Eliminate waste infectivity,
- Ensure the absence of an animal inside the tattoo studio (even on a leash).

COMPLICATIONS:
Unfortunately, all these good practices are not practiced in most cases, in their entirety and complications of varying severity may occur. Thus, certain practices can increase the risk of contracting a disease transmitted by blood such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and herpes. In these extreme cases, only a screening to diagnose pathology and to establish a treatment as soon as possible.
In most cases, complications are more bacterial infections of the skin painful and require prompt treatment. A local inflammatory reaction is normal in the days after the intervention if it does not exceed a period of fifteen days. But persistent skin irritations, itching associated with eczema and should make mention of allergic complications due mostly to the goods or metallic instruments used during surgery. More distance, can reveal inflammation and infection in terms of area treated, most often the consequences of mistakes during the aseptic broken skin and wound healing. These complications take the form of abscesses, impetigo, erysipelas of, or just superficial infection. Phenomena more severe necrosis and hypertrophic scars keloid type are sometimes observed after a tattoo. These keloids are particularly common in regions of the chest, shoulders and sides of the neck. In all these cases, the best initiatives is to consult a doctor.
Moreover, from a general point of view, given the risk of infection of these practices, history of diabetes, renal failure, valvular heart disease or autoimmune diseases are indications against tattoos.

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Tattoo Chat: THE TATTOO

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